https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/3610 2026-04-15T02:57:50Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14297 Título: ASSOCIAÇÕES ENTRE FATORES MATERNOS, INTERAÇÃO E DESFECHOS PRECOCES DO DESENVOLVIMENTO EM LACTENTES PRÉ-TERMO Abstract: Introduction: Maternal health, gestational conditions, and the quality of mother-infant interaction exert a significant influence on child development. However, studies that follow preterm infants from the period of hospitalization through the first months after hospital discharge-combining early neuromotor assessments, standardized measures of neuropsychomotor performance, and indicators of mother-infant interaction dynamics-remain scarce. Objective: To investigate the associations among the quality of general movements (GMs), mother-infant interaction, perceived maternal stress, and infant development in preterm infants during hospitalization and after hospital discharge. Methods: This was a longitudinal analytical observational study conducted between October 2024 and October 2025. Infants were assessed at study enrollment, at hospital discharge, and at 3 months of corrected age for prematurity using the General Movements Assessment (GMA). At 4 months of corrected age, development was evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III). Maternal stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) when infants reached 40 weeks of postmenstrual age, and mother-infant interaction was assessed at 3 months using the Recorded Interaction Task (RIT). GMA categories were compared using Fisher’s exact test, with effect size expressed by Cramer’s V. Associations among mother-infant interaction, maternal stress, and BSID-III performance were examined using Spearman’s correlation, and significant variables were subsequently included in linear regression models. Results: A total of 57 mother-infant dyads participated in the study, of which 23 completed the full follow-up. A significant association was observed between GMs quality at admission and at hospital discharge (p = 0.003; V = 0.690). No association was found between GMs at discharge and at 3 months of age (p = 1.000). The quality of mother–infant interaction showed a moderate and significant correlation with language outcomes (ρ = 0.588; p = 0.013). When infant engagement was analyzed separately, this association was strong and statistically significant (ρ = 0.653; p = 0.005). In contrast, maternal interaction alone was not significantly associated with infant language performance (ρ = 0.434; p = 0.082). Regarding the cognitive domain, mother–infant interaction quality demonstrated a moderate and significant correlation both for the total score (ρ = 0.520; p = 0.033) and for infant engagement analyzed independently (ρ = 0.496; p = 0.043). Maternal interaction, in turn, did not show a statistically significant correlation with infant performance (ρ = 0.333; p = 0.192). No correlations were found between RIT scores and the motor domain of the BSID-III (ρ’s < 0.357; p’s > 0.159). Perceived maternal stress was moderately and negatively correlated with the language domain (ρ = −0.416; p = 0.048), indicating that higher levels of perceived maternal stress were associated with poorer infant language performance. No significant correlations were identified between maternal stress and the cognitive (ρ = −0.155; p = 0.480) or motor domains (ρ = −0.013; p = 0.951) of the BSID-III. In the multiple linear regression analysis, the model for language performance was statistically significant (Fp = 0.030), indicating that maternal stress exerted an effect on this domain. Higher stress levels were associated with poorer infant language performance, accounting for 32% of the variance in language scores. The model for cognition was not statistically significant (p = 0.314). Conclusion: The favorable trajectory of GMs reinforces the capacity for early neurological organization despite clinical vulnerability in the absence of brain injury. Interaction between mother and infant was a predictor of infant early language and cognition, and maternal stress was a predictor of early infant language. These findings are consistent with a dyadic framework of early development, in which biological risk, maternal emotional state, and dyadic engagement are interrelated and jointly associated with developmental trajectories. Tipo: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14242 Título: EFEITOS AGUDOS DO TREINAMENTO DE SPRINTS SUPERCURTOS EM PACIENTES COM HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL Abstract: Physical exercise has been widely recognized for its effectiveness in improving health and promoting quality of life for its practitioners, making it a low-cost, non-pharmacological treatment option with an impact on various aspects of an individual's life. More recently, the literature has been studying the effects of Sprint Interval Training (SIT), a variant of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), in the treatment of various diseases. There is evidence of positive physiological adaptations in less time, but little is currently known about the safety of this protocol for the cardiovascular system of individuals diagnosed with hypertension and pre-hypertension. Objective: The research aims to investigate the effects of short sprint high-intensity training (short Sprint Interval Training, sSIT) in people with hypertension and pre-hypertension, seeking physiological markers that could guide a new methodology for non-pharmacological treatment or control in individuals with hypertension. Method: The sample consisted of 10 men aged 20–65 years with a clinical diagnosis of grade I hypertension or pre-hypertension. The volunteers underwent laboratory and clinical examinations (blood test, resting ECG, and exercise stress test on a cycle ergometer). They performed 2 sSIT sessions, including a 2-minute warm-up at 25 W, 10 sprints of 5 seconds at 80% of the maximum intensity obtained in the stress test, with active recovery intervals of 55 seconds at 25 W, followed by 2 minutes of active recovery at 25 W. Data collected during and after each sprint included heart rate, blood pressure, subjective perception of effort, and affective valence, in addition to lactate levels before and at the end of the protocol. Results: Indicate significant increases in heart rate (FC), systolic blood pressure (PAS), diastolic blood pressure (PAD), and double product (DP) during the application of an sSIT protocol, with more pronounced responses in hypertensives, suggesting greater cardiovascular stress but within safe limits. They suggest good adaptation of hypertensives to high-intensity exercise, meaning that sSIT can be used by individuals with grade I hypertension under supervision. The findings demonstrate that the exercise protocol elevated lactate levels post-exercise, with similar responses between normotensives and hypertensives, suggesting greater perceived effort and physical discomfort in both groups. Tipo: Dissertação 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/13152 Título: ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE ASPECTOS PSICOCOGNITIVOS, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E DOR CRÔNICA EM PESSOAS IDOSAS FREQUENTADORES DE UM CENTRO DE CONVIVÊNCIA. Abstract: Introduction: Chronic pain is a multifactorial and highly prevalent phenomenon, especially among older adults. Among its risk factors, psychocognitive aspects and physical activity level stand out; however, it is still unclear which of these aspects need to be considered in treatment and prevention. Objectives: To evaluate the association between psychocognitive aspects, physical activity, and chronic pain in elderly people who attend a senior center. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with elderly people (≥60 years) who attend a senior center. The following instruments were used for the assessments: Mini Mental State Examination; Geriatric Depression Scale; Catastrophic Thinking Scale; Kinesiophobia Scale; Brief Pain Inventory; Chronic Pain Scale; Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly; and 6-Minute Walk Test. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictors of pain. Results: The final sample included 73 elderly individuals (83.6% women; mean age 74 years). Most had preserved cognitive functions, low levels of physical activity, moderate kinesiophobia, and low-intensity pain, with minimal interference in daily activities. Multivariate analysis showed an association between cognitive performance, depressive symptoms, kinesiophobia, and, above all, catastrophizing with higher pain scores, the latter being the most significant variable in the models. In contrast, the higher the level of physical activity, the lower the pain scores, although with significant associations only in some outcomes and with lesser magnitude. Conclusion: The results reveal that psychocognitive aspects, especially catastrophizing, were significantly related to the intensity and maintenance of chronic pain in older adults, surpassing the number and magnitude of associations observed in relation to physical activity. Thus, it is suggested that further studies investigate the effects of managing cognitive and emotional factors in prevention and treatment strategies, combined with physical activity. Keywords: Psychological Factors. Physical Exercise. Nociplastic Pain. Elderly. Tipo: Dissertação 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/12994 Título: EFEITOS CARDIOVASCULARES AGUDOS DE UMA SESSÃO DE TREINAMENTO COM SPRINTS SUPER CURTOS EM JOVENS NORMOTENSOS Abstract: Introduction: The practice of physical exercise is widely recognized for its ability to promote health and improve quality of life. Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, along with even shorter versions known as sprint interval training (SIT), have been proposed as efficient alternatives to enhance physical capacities in healthy individuals and in the treatment of various health conditions. However, the cardiovascular effects of these modalities during exertion are not well-described. Objectives: To examine the cardiovascular responses during and after a session of super-short sprint interval training of 5 seconds (sSIT) in young, normotensive and active participants (n=10, age 28.2±5.8 years) compared to a training session with longer 20 seconds bouts (SIT20). Methods: The sample consisted of 10 young, normotensive, and physically active individuals. Over the course of three sessions, participants underwent familiarization, incremental testing, and, in a randomized order, performed the sSIT and SIT20 sessions. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken at rest before the tests and every 15 minutes after the tests, while HR, BP, and oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured every 2 minutes during the training sessions. Results: The protocols demonstrated similar cardiovascular responses. There was an increase in HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and double product (DP) until the 8th minute, followed by a progressive decrease during the rest period. Only the sSIT protocol was able to induce post-exercise hypotension. During the sSIT protocol, participants reached 93.45% (±11.11) of their maximum HR, while in the SIT20 protocol they reached 89.19% (±6.92; p=0.346). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the SIT protocols with 5- and 20-second intervals behaved similarly, with only the sSIT protocol being able to induce post-exercise hypotension (PEH), and both protocols were found to be safe for training. Tipo: Dissertação 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z