https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/1456 2026-04-10T04:38:41Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14294 Título: A CORPORIFICAÇÃO TENSIVA DA POLÊMICA: UMA PROPOSTA TIPOLÓGICA DE ENUNCIADOS SOBRE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 Abstract: Between March 11, 2020, to May 5, 2023, the Covid-19 pandemic was marked by a dispute between those who respected and those who rejected the guidelines advocated by most health experts. Aware of this situation, we thought about this controversy semiotically to defend the thesis that it can be perceived as a discursive body (Discini, 2015), to the point of presenting a style (Discini, 2015). We propose, in an innovative way, that style can also be perceived in the comparison between texts from different speakers, and we ask ourselves: how does the ‘embodiment’ of the polemic develop? Inspired by this question, our overall objective is to propose a typology of polemics based on the analysis of a corpus formed by texts of various genres selected for having points in common that point to the notions of totus (a principle that refers to the totality of manifestations of a given actor/enunciative body) and unus (which indicates a unit). The texts date mainly from 2020 and 2021 (the height of the pandemic period, when clashes were exacerbated by measures such as the closure of commercial and religious establishments) and are taken into account because they express conflicts that emerged in various sectors of society and because, in our view, a synthesis of elements that can be ordered both as graphs and tension networks and as samples of disturbance in/of the I-Other relationship. This disturbance, as verified in the analyses, is the crucial element that (re)constructs the polemic, graded from the perception of phoria and its increases or decreases of more or less to formulate diagrams, graphs, and tensive networks. The corpus includes: a statement by evangelical bishop Edir Macedo posted on social media and a celebration led by Catholic auxiliary bishop Nivaldo dos Santos Ferreira (both from March 2020, with comments on the coronavirus); institutional propaganda from the government of Mato Grosso do Sul, whose name “Coronavírus: a balada pode esperar” (“Coronavirus: the party can wait,” from January 2021), about social distancing; a news report on food delivery to homeless people in Belém (capital of Pará, in the Northern of Brazil); the production of a booklet on health care in Dourados (state of Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Midwest of Brazil) printed in the Guarani language; complaint about racist comments regarding indigenous people having preference for the vaccine; an event in which a customer at an ice cream shop in Campinas (in São Paulo, Southeast of Brazil) reacts angrily when approached for improperly wearing a mask in the establishment; an extension project to welcome immigrants formulated by a university in Campo Grande (MS). Our specific objectives include: identify out how the speakers involved have their ethe constituted in this process and how they used rhetorical arguments (such as figures of speech) to gain public support; how the attacks from each side highlighted affection as a persuasive element in the eyes of the public; and how this dispute between disparate points of view influenced the aspectualization of the actors involved. Thus, we need to account for the continuous space between the opposing terms indicated in the original semiotic square of Discursive Semiotics. To this end, we propose the assumptions of Tensive Semiotics and Sociosemiotics as a theoretical basis, as we believe that these currents add other operators to the analyses (such as gradual relations and regimes of interaction and meaning, respectively). We also mobilize concepts such as “an almost presence” (a tool for measuring body density), ethos (the image of the speaker before the listener), and pathos (the emotion that influences the listener). Methodologically, following the model of networks and tensional diagrams, elements are graded according to similarities and/or enunciative distinctions that configure a polemical discursive body. Understanding the polemic during the pandemic helps us to better interpret our own actions in society. Therefore, we believe that our analyses contribute to efforts to achieve scientific understanding (specifically in semiotics) of dissent and contribute to the resumption of rhetoric in semiotic research. Tipo: Tese 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14279 Título: A mulher amarela no discurso ocidental em Mulan: tradição, exotismo e normalização Abstract: Scientifically, Asian invisibility is a topic that has been little explored from a linguistic perspective, especially when linked to audiovisual media, but it is extremely relevant in the current academic landscape. In cinematic discourse, it is common (Foucault, 2010) for representations of Asian people to be linked to some type of stereotype created by oppressive discourses. Aware of this, the general objective of this master's research is to analyze how the Chinese character Mulan, a yellow woman, is discursivized in a Disney animation of the same name: Mulan (1998). The specific objectives, in turn, are: a) to investigate, in light of Foucauldian Discourse Studies, the conditions of possibility that allowed the production of discourses about yellow women in the animation Mulan (1998); b) to analyze how the intersectionalities between gender, racialization, and ethnic belonging are mobilized in the discourses that shape the character's subjectivation; c) to problematize the processes of stereotyping of the yellow woman portrayed, at the intersection between the narrative-discursive elements in the animation and the power relations present in society. In order to achieve these goals, I employ the archaeogenealogical method (Araújo, 2007; Foucault, 2010; Navarro, 2015) and adhere to the theoretical and methodological perspective of Foucauldian Discourse Studies (Navarro, 2011, 2020), a robust framework for analyzing how discourses are constituted in society and how they are (re)established at different times. This approach enters into dialogue with feminist theories and Asian feminism (Akotirene, 2018; Lugones, 2005; Lee; Shimabuko; Higa, 2018), which help to provide a deeper understanding of the intersectionality inherent in the categories of race and gender in the construction of representations of Asian women. The thesis defended in this research is that the audiovisuals of Mulan (1998) contribute to the construction and dissemination of stereotypical representations of the character Mulan, further reinforcing deep-rooted violent socio-historical dynamics. More than that, these representations reinforce and feed back into the power relations of socio-historical dynamics of violence, spreading prejudice and limiting the complex identity of the Asian community, of the yellow race, in its heterogeneity. Tipo: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14259 Título: A REDAÇÃO DO ENEM EM TEMPOS DE CHATGPT: PROBLEMATIZAÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA EM LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA Abstract: In 2022, with the emergence of ChatGPT, debates intensified regarding the limits of its use, especially in the educational context. ChatGPT is a Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) technology capable of automatically producing texts. In this scenario, text production became one of the main focuses of discussion, particularly given the tool's ability to generate texts (verbal and non-verbal) of different discursive genres in a few seconds. Given this, this qualitative-quantitative research (Bortoni-Ricardo, 2013; Paiva, 2019), of an exploratory, descriptive-interpretative and documentary nature (Gil, 2002; Moita-Lopes, 1994; Paiva, 2019), from a netnographic perspective (Kozinets, 2007; 2014) and based on autonetnography, has the general objective of analyzing and understanding how the ENEM essay is generated and measured by ChatGPT, with the purpose of identifying the standardization of the text and its relationship with the functioning of the tool. As specific objectives, I cite: I) to examine how ChatGPT corrects and measures ENEM essays written by humans; II) to investigate how ChatGPT corrects and measures ENEM essays written by itself; III) to problematize the patterns present in the essays written by candidates and by the aforementioned technology; IV) To discuss the reflections that the ENEM essay, in its current form, may have on language education, in light of the emergence of AI technologies, such as ChatGPT. The theoretical framework focuses mainly on: studies on language education and the interactionist conception of language (Bakhtin, 2003 [1979]; Ferraz, 2024; Volóchinov, 2018, etc.); concepts of text production, essay writing, and the ENEM essay as a discursive genre (Bunzen, 2007; Dering, 2021; Geraldi, 2013 [1997], Marcuschi, 2008; Oliveira, 2021; Ribeiro, 2018; Ribeiro; Coscarelli, 2023, etc.); Textual evaluation, correction, and measurement (Antunes, 2006; Kanashiro, 2012; Ribeiro; Coscarelli, 2023; Suassuna, 2014, etc.); studies on critical literacies (Kalantzis, Cope, and Pinheiro, 2020; Monte Mor, 2015; 2023; Signorini, 2012, etc.); the concept of AI, IAG, and the functioning of ChatGPT (Boa Sorte et al., 2021; Buzato; Leite, 2024; Kaufman, 2022; Kaufman; Santaella, 2020; McCarthy, 2007; Russel; Norvig, 2021, etc.). As a result, I highlight that: I) the percentage deviation between the scores assigned by ChatGPT compared to those of humans does not show strongly accentuated discrepancies, which corroborates my hypothesis that the ENEM essay resembles the functioning of ChatGPT regarding the standardization of writing imposed by the correction matrix criteria; II) the tool tends to privilege competencies foreseen by the exam's correction matrix that are more related to linguistic aspects, to the detriment of discursive ones; III) the essay written by a candidate is considerably similar to that generated by ChatGPT, due, among other aspects, to the lack of flexibility present in the correction matrix; IV) it is necessary to reformulate the criteria, so that they allow more authorship and creativity to the candidate in writing the text. Tipo: Dissertação 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/14230 Título: A COSTUREIRA E O CANGACEIRO: IDENTIDADE BRASILEIRA, RESGATE HISTÓRICO E ECOS REGIONALISTAS NO ROMANCE DE FRANCES DE PONTES PEEBLES Abstract: In 2009, the novel A Costureira e o Cangaceiro by Frances de Pontes Peebles was published in Brazil. The work in question was originally written in English. Frances de Pontes Peebles is the daughter of a Pernambuco mother and an American father. This study aims to analyze the novel by linking it to the tradition of Brazilian literature, more specifically, to contemporary literary regionalism. What guides the reading of the work is its connection to issues of belonging and national identity, the fictionalization of Brazil's political history since the 1930 Revolution, the collective memory of cangaço, and the drought of 1932. To this end, in the fields of historiography and Brazilian literary criticism, I refer to names such as Antônio Cândido, Fernando Cerisara Gil, Luís Bueno, and Tânia Pellegrini, addressing the relevance of the novel in relation to the foundations of national literature. In the realm of History and culture, I explore the emergence of cangaço as a means of livelihood, its endemic and epidemic forms in the northeastern hinterland, as well as the popular cultural manifestations linked to the mythology that today surrounds cangaceirismo, making it an expression of identity from the Brazilian hinterland. I observe how the novel makes extensive use of material for a plausible composition of the spaces of the countryside and the city in northeastern Brazil, coherently encompassing its cultural traditions and its History. Keywords: National identity. Popular culture. Regionalism. Tipo: Tese 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z