DSpace Coleção:https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/36172026-04-13T07:59:36Z2026-04-13T07:59:36ZPrevalência e caracterização molecular das hemoglobinopatias em doadores de sangue aptos no estado de Mato Grosso do Sulhttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/142912026-02-25T02:17:59Z2026-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Prevalência e caracterização molecular das hemoglobinopatias em doadores de sangue aptos no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Abstract: Hemoglobinopathies represent the most prevalent genetic diseases in the world. Although most abnormal hemoglobins (Hb) do not cause significant phenotypic changes, some variants can result in different clinical manifestations, depending on the type of inheritance and genetic and/or environmental interactions. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and profile of hemoglobinopathies in eligible blood donors in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, using electrophoretic, chromatographic and molecular methods, as well as to critically discuss their ethical, social and public policy implications, with a view to improving screening and genetic counseling in blood donation. First, a theoretical-reflective study was carried out, based on a literature review and critical analysis of public policies, technical guidelines and ethical implications related to the screening of hemoglobinopathies in blood donation. The work entitled "The invisibility of hemoglobinopathies in blood donation: incidental findings and the implications for genetic counseling", discusses the strategic role of blood banks in the detection of abnormal hemoglobin, limitations of current laboratory screening, potential for improving genetic counseling, and the social and emotional impacts of this practice, with emphasis on the Brazilian context. Subsequently, another manuscript entitled "Molecular characterization of hemoglobinopathies in fit blood donors in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul" was constructed, which consists of an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study, covering all fit blood donors assisted by the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Mato Grosso do Sul (Hemosul). A total of 62,577 samples were analyzed by hematological and biochemical methods, complemented by high-performance liquid chromatography and specific molecular analyses. The study characterized 977 (1.56%) abnormal hemoglobin profiles, distributed in 21 distinct variants. The most frequent form was Hb AS (77.28%), followed by Hb AS associated with alpha-thalassemia (9.52%), and Hb AC (7.57%), in addition to rare variant forms, such as Hb AF (PHHF), Hb AD-Los Angeles, Hb A/Porto Alegre, Hb A/G-Philadelphia, delta chain variants, and Hb SE. The regional distribution revealed the highest proportional prevalences in the macro-regions of Corumbá, followed by Campo Grande, Dourados and Três Lagoas, evidencing relevant regional variations. These findings show significant genetic diversity among donors, highlighting the importance of expanded screening and genetic counseling strategies to increased transfusion safety and formulate public prevention policies.
Keywords: Genetic Counseling 1. Sickle Cell Anemia 2. Thalassemia 3. Blood Donation 4. Nursing 5.
Tipo: Dissertação2026-01-01T00:00:00ZMODELOS E EFEITOS DE INTERVENÇÕES DE LETRAMENTO EM SAÚDE PARA PESSOAS IDOSAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA COM METANÁLISEhttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/141572025-12-17T15:33:58Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: MODELOS E EFEITOS DE INTERVENÇÕES DE LETRAMENTO EM SAÚDE PARA PESSOAS IDOSAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA COM METANÁLISE
Abstract: Low health literacy is a public health problem that affects the entire population,
especially the older adults. This construct refers to the ability of individuals to access,
understand, evaluate, and apply health-related information in written, spoken, and typed form.
Different interventions focused on health literacy have been developed to improve this construct
in older adults and, thus, enable better behaviors related to care and self-care. In addition, to
minimize other impairments (e.g., cognitive, related to mental health). Objective: To conduct
a systematic review with meta-analysis to identify health literacy intervention models carried
out with older adults. Method: This is a systematic review using the LILACS, PsycINFO,
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The following search strategy was used:
“"health literacy" AND ("education" OR "training" OR "intervention") AND ("aged" OR "older
adult" OR "elderly")”. Results: A total of 16,378 articles were identified in the databases, of
which 7,038 were excluded due to duplication. After screening by title and abstract, 126 articles
were selected for full reading and 18 studies were included in the review, 10 of which were
quasi-experimental and eight were experimental. Among the experimental studies, only one
presented high quality and low risk of bias; five had moderate risk and two, high risk of bias.
Of the 10 quasi-experimental studies, eight presented high quality and low risk of bias and two
were assessed as having moderate risk of bias. In total, the studies included 2,256 older adults,
with a mean or median age between 65.9 and 81.7 years in 77.8% of the studies. In 38.9% of
the cases, the samples included older adults with chronic conditions. Of the 18 studies, 15
reported positive effects of health literacy interventions. The meta-analysis confirmed the
positive impacts, both in the pre- and post-intervention comparison and in the comparison of
the intervention group with the control group. Other beneficial outcomes included quality of
life, health behaviors, self-care, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The
review demonstrated that well-structured educational interventions contribute significantly to
the promotion of health literacy, also favoring quality of life, autonomy, self-care, and the
improvement of several health outcomes among older adults. Impacts of the Research and
Implications for Practice: Despite the different models and approaches used, the results
reinforce the importance of incorporating health literacy as a central component of public
policies aimed at healthy aging. In addition, the need to support researchers and health
professionals in the development and implementation of educational strategies in contexts such
as Primary Health Care, which is the “gateway” to the Unified Health System, promoting
evidence-based practices that expand access to information, active participation, and
comprehensive care for the older population, is highlighted. Future studies should explore the
effectiveness and applicability of these interventions in different contexts, especially in Brazil.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTecendo o cuidado em saúde mental no território sob a ótica de agentes comunitários: uma pesquisa participantehttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/141422025-12-14T01:29:06Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Tecendo o cuidado em saúde mental no território sob a ótica de agentes comunitários: uma pesquisa participante
Abstract: Mental health care is a transversal component of Primary Health Care (PHC), where Community Health Workers (CHWs) act as key mediators between health services and the community. Their close connection to the territory enables them to recognize subjective and intersubjective demands related to psychological distress and to contribute to mental health promotion and prevention actions. Nurses also play a central role by providing clinical qualification, specialized listening, and interprofessional coordination, thereby strengthening psychosocial care within PHC. This study aimed to understand CHWs’ perceptions of mental health in PHC and to develop a formative intervention based on the findings. A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive social research design was employed, grounded in the participatory research framework. Data were collected through focus groups, processed using IRaMuTeQ, and analyzed through Thematic Content Analysis. Findings revealed gaps in CHWs’ training for early recognition of psychological distress, while also highlighting strengths related to their territorial bond. The results emphasize the need for ongoing educational processes integrated with the work of nurses and the multiprofessional team, in order to enhance the quality of mental health care within PHC.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00ZAVALIAÇÃO DA LIMPEZA E DESINFECÇÃO DE SUPERFÍCIES HOSPITALARES: UM ESTUDO TRANSVERSALhttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/127572025-10-09T15:17:35Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: AVALIAÇÃO DA LIMPEZA E DESINFECÇÃO DE SUPERFÍCIES HOSPITALARES: UM ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL
Abstract: Concerns about environmental contamination in healthcare settings have increased, especially following public health emergencies, highlighting the importance of effective cleaning and disinfection (C/D) of high-touch surfaces as a strategy for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of C/D on high-touch surfaces in medical and surgical units of a small hospital in Brasilândia, Mato Grosso do Sul. This is an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and prospective study conducted between May and October 2024, using four monitoring methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence, microbiological culture (colony-forming units [CFU]/cm²), and fluorescent marker. A total of 120 ATP samples, 120 CFU samples, 120 visual inspections, and 60 fluorescent marker analyses were collected, totaling 420 observations before and after the C/D process. The surfaces evaluated included bed headboards, side rails, toilets, flush handles, and door handles. Data were analyzed using Epi Info™ 7.2.4 and BioEstat 5.3 software, applying Wilcoxon, Chi-square, and Spearman's correlation tests (p
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00Z