DSpace Coleção:https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/24692026-03-30T08:23:32Z2026-03-30T08:23:32ZPerícia criminal oficial veterinária em MS: Papel dos exames complementares no esclarecimento de causa mortis em cães e gatoshttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/142342026-01-26T17:59:50Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Perícia criminal oficial veterinária em MS: Papel dos exames complementares no esclarecimento de causa mortis em cães e gatos
Abstract: Forensic veterinary medicine plays a key role in providing technical and legal support for environmental crimes, especially in cases of animal cruelty. This study evaluated the contribution of complementary histopathological and toxicological examinations to determining the cause of death (cause of death) in necropsies of dogs and cats performed within the scope of the official criminal forensics service of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, as well as their association with the presence of direct or negligent human action. A total of 37 cases with police reports and an intact chain of custody were analyzed. Complementary examinations were performed in 29/37 animals (78.4%): histopathology alone in 9, toxicology alone in 6, and both in 14; eight animals were evaluated only by gross necropsy. The cause of death was established in 34/37 cases (91.9%), mainly distributed as exogenous intoxications (16/37; 43.2%), trauma (7/37; 18.9%), pathologies associated with negligence (7/37; 18.9%), and pathologies unrelated to human action (4/37; 10.8%); three cases (8.1%) remained undetermined. In 2 × 2 contingency analysis, the performance of complementary examinations was significantly associated with defining the cause of death (corrected OR = 37.55; 95% CI = 1.69–833.36; p = 0.0072). The presence of identified human action markedly increased the likelihood that a complementary examination would be considered essential for elucidating the death (corrected OR = 39.77; 95% CI = 1.94–817.05; p = 0.0017) and was more frequently related to trauma/intoxication causes than to strictly pathological causes (OR = 12.57; 95% CI = 1.20–131.90; p = 0.0289), without excluding the importance of slowly progressive diseases associated with negligence. The toxicological profile showed a predominance of bromadiolone intoxications, with occasional cases involving aldicarb and terbufos. Despite the wide confidence intervals, reflecting the regional case load, the results demonstrate that histopathology and toxicology are essential technical-scientific tools for elucidating suspicious deaths, strengthening accountability for animal cruelty and highlighting the need for multicenter expansion of the sample to refine effect estimates.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00ZAVALIAÇÃO DA ESPECTROSCOPIA UV-VIS ASSOCIADA AO APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE LEISHMANIA INFANTUM EM CÃEShttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/128032025-10-20T19:00:00Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: AVALIAÇÃO DA ESPECTROSCOPIA UV-VIS ASSOCIADA AO APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE LEISHMANIA INFANTUM EM CÃES
Abstract: Abstract
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a severe disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, transmitted by arthropods of the genus Lutzomyia. It is a zoonosis of major importance, and affected animals may present clinical signs such as weight loss, weakness, intermittent fever, and renal and hepatic impairment. The definitive diagnosis of leishmaniasis remains imprecise, since it shares similarities with other diseases. The diagnostic techniques currently recommended by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, for dogs, are the immunochromatographic rapid test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which, although widely used, still present issues related to sensitivity and specificity. Currently, optical spectroscopy techniques combined with machine learning-based analyses have been investigated for the diagnosis of infections caused by various pathogens, including L. infantum. Spectroscopy is an accessible and low-cost methodology, and has shown promising results in differentiating positive and negative samples for Brucella, Leishmania, among others. However, to date, most studies have relied on dichotomous comparisons (infected vs. non-infected), leaving uncertainties regarding the actual ability of the methodology to determine a specific infection. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate in greater detail the serological diagnostic methodology of L. infantum based on UV-Vis spectroscopy and machine learning, not only in terms of its ability to differentiate positive and negative samples for L. infantum, but also to assess co-infections and samples positive for other common infectious agents in dogs, such as Ehrlichia canis. The results obtained indicate that co-infection with Ehrlichia hampered the accurate identification of animals infected and non-infected with Leishmania (accuracy below 50%). Nevertheless, good discriminatory capacity was observed in distinguishing positive and negative samples for E. canis (accuracy of 77.8%). Expanding the dataset and implementing parameter adjustments and machine learning methods will be necessary to improve the discriminatory ability of the methodology and make it feasible as a diagnostic tool.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, spectroscopy, diagnosis.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00ZCARACTERIZAÇÃO DA DIVERSIDADE BACTERIANA AERÓBICA E PERFIL DE RESISTÊNCIA A ANTIMICROBIANOS NA MICROBIOTA BACTERIANA ORAL DE Bothrops sp.https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/127682025-10-14T13:07:59Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA DIVERSIDADE BACTERIANA AERÓBICA E PERFIL DE RESISTÊNCIA A ANTIMICROBIANOS NA MICROBIOTA BACTERIANA ORAL DE Bothrops sp.
Abstract: ABSTRACT
Among the most common venomous snakes in Brazil, the genus Bothrops is responsible for 73% of snakebite accidents reported in Mato Grosso do Sul. This study investigated the oral microbiota of Bothrops spp. and analyzed its antimicrobial resistance profile. Oral cavity samples were collected from 69 snakes (B. matogrossensis, B. alternatus, and B. moojeni) for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Bacterial isolation revealed a higher frequency of Pseudomonas spp. (25.9%), followed by Staphylococcus spp. (16.4%), Klebsiella spp. (10.3%), and Shigellaspp. (6.9%). A total of 116 isolates were identified across 21 genera, with a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria (80%). Among the antimicrobials tested, carbapenems showed the greatest efficacy, particularly meropenem (46.6% susceptibility), while β-lactams demonstrated the lowest effectiveness. Analysis classified 63.7% of isolates as multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 5.08% identified as ESBL producers. This study reports, for the first time in Brazil, the occurrence of Chryseobacterium indologenes in Bothrops alternatus, confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing with 100% identity in GenBank. The findings reinforce the importance of understanding the oral microbiota of these snakes to guide clinical management of snakebite victims and support evidence-based antimicrobial therapy. The results highlight the need for continuous microbiological surveillance and therapeutic protocols grounded in the One Health approach.
Keywords: One Health; Neglected diseases; Snakebite envenomation.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00ZACHADOS CLÍNICOS E LABORATORIAIS DAS PRINCIPAIS HEMOPARASITOSES EM UMA POPULAÇÃO DE CÃES ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL VETERINÁRIO DA UFMS EM CAMPO GRANDE/MShttps://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/127402025-10-04T18:04:35Z2025-01-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: ACHADOS CLÍNICOS E LABORATORIAIS DAS PRINCIPAIS HEMOPARASITOSES EM UMA POPULAÇÃO DE CÃES ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL VETERINÁRIO DA UFMS EM CAMPO GRANDE/MS
Abstract: Hemoparasitoses are vector-borne infections of clinical relevance in dogs. This retrospective study evaluated medical records of dogs with PCR requests between August 2021 and March 2024 (n = 853 records analyzed) at the Veterinary Hospital of UFMS, in Campo Grande/MS. Among the 1,042 dogs clinically suspected of infection during the period, 385 (21.1%) were confirmed by molecular diagnosis for at least one of the investigated agents. Molecular analysis revealed the occurrence of Ehrlichia canis (303 positive samples), Babesia canis (64), Anaplasma platys (18), and Hepatozoon canis (1), including cases of coinfection. Clinically, most PCR-positive animals were asymptomatic (63.7%); among symptomatic dogs, pale mucous membranes, cachexia, and fever were the most frequent findings. Hematological abnormalities included thrombocytopenia (observed in more than 70% of positive cases) and anemia in a large proportion of animals. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between pale mucous membranes (p = 0.0009) and increased platelet distribution width (PDW) (p = 0.0108) with the presence of clinical signs in ehrlichiosis, while other laboratory parameters showed low specificity in
46 discriminating symptomatic cases. Despite the frequent clinical and hematological abnormalities, clinical suspicion alone did not always correspond to PCR-confirmed infection. The findings highlight the importance of molecular confirmation to guide therapeutic decisions, the standardization of clinical records, and the expansion of molecular diagnostic panels in routine practice.
Tipo: Dissertação2025-01-01T00:00:00Z